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目的了解家庭因素对中学生吸烟饮酒行为的影响,为更好地预防控制青少年吸烟饮酒提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,在珠三角地区抽取部分中学初二至高二年级的1 573名学生,采用自我报告法调查吸烟饮酒行为。对有吸烟或饮酒行为的137名学生,按照班级、年龄、性别采用1∶2配对选取未使用成瘾物质的274名学生作为对照组。采用单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析的方法,探讨影响中学生吸烟饮酒行为的家庭因素。结果珠三角地区中学生饮酒行为报告率为7.63%,高于吸烟行为报告率的3.18%,初次饮酒的年龄为(11.5±3.49)岁,初次吸烟的年龄为(13.5±2.46)岁。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,父亲目前吸烟/饮酒(OR=2.236)、亲戚吸烟/饮酒(OR=2.523)是中学生吸烟饮酒行为的家庭危险因素,亲子感情高得分(OR=0.885)是中学生吸烟饮酒行为的家庭保护因素(P值均<0.01)。结论父亲和亲戚吸烟饮酒行为会影响中学生使用烟酒行为,良好的家庭关系和亲子感情有助于预防中学生的吸烟饮酒行为。
Objective To understand the influence of family factors on the smoking and drinking behaviors of middle school students and provide a scientific basis for better prevention and control of smoking and drinking of adolescents. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted. A total of 1 573 students from the second to the second year of high school in the middle part of the Pearl River Delta Region were enrolled in this study. The self-report method was used to investigate the smoking and drinking behaviors. A total of 137 students with smoking or drinking behaviors were selected according to their class, age and sex by using a 1: 2 pair to select 274 students who did not use addictive substances as a control group. Single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the family factors that affect the smoking and drinking behaviors of middle school students. Results The prevalence of drinking behavior among middle school students in the PRD region was 7.63%, higher than the 3.18% of the reported rate of smoking behavior. The age of initial drinking was (11.5 ± 3.49) years old and the age of first smoking was (13.5 ± 2.46) years old. Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the current smoking / drinking (OR = 2.236) and relative smoking / drinking (OR = 2.523) were the family risk factors of smoking and drinking behaviors among middle school students. The high paternity score (OR = 0.885) Family protection factors of drinking behavior (P <0.01). Conclusion Smoking and drinking behaviors of fathers and relatives may affect the use of alcohol and tobacco in middle school students. Good family relations and parent-child relationship can help prevent secondary school students from smoking and drinking behaviors.