井眼稳定性问题是钻井工作的重要技术难题之一。本文着重介绍了国内外对井眼稳定性的几种看法。井眼不稳定的实质是页岩不稳定。分析了井眼中与页岩稳定性有关的几种力,控制、掌握好几种力,在井眼中建立两种平衡,制止水的移动,可以较彻底地解决页岩的不稳定问题。最后就国外泥浆公司及厂家产品介绍,探讨水基防塌泥浆配方及其机理。 Wellbore stability is one of the most important technical problems in drilling. This article focuses on several domestic and foreign views on wellbore stability. The essence of wellbore instability is shale instability. Several forces related to shale stability are analyzed in the wellbore. Several forces are controlled and mastered. Two kinds of balances are established in the wellbore to stop the movement of water and the shale instability can be more thoroughly solved. Finally, the introduction of foreign mud companies and manufacturers to explore the water-based anti-collapse mud formula and its mechanism.