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新生儿肺出血仍是新生儿期主要的危重疾病及死亡原因之一。新生儿肺出血可能主要与早产、低出生体质量、感染、寒冷损伤、围生期缺氧缺血性损伤及低体温等有关。目前在治疗方面研究的重点主要集中在机械通气和呼吸道应用止血药。虽然对新生儿肺出血的病因、危险因素、早期诊断及治疗进行了不少研究,但总体仍缺乏可靠的研究结果,尤其缺乏循证医学的证据,缺乏多中心的随机对照研究结果。
Neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage is still one of the major causes of critically ill illness and death in the neonatal period. Neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage may be mainly related to premature birth, low birth weight, infection, cold injury, perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury and hypothermia. At present, the research focuses on the treatment of mechanical ventilation and respiratory applications of hemostatic drugs. Although there are many studies on the etiology, risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage, there is still a lack of reliable research results, especially evidence-based evidence of evidence-based medicine and the lack of a multicenter randomized controlled study.