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目的研究棉纺织车间的人体热适应,为深入研究棉纺车间的热环境并采取恰如其分的健康保护措施提供试验基础和理论依据。方法选择郑州市某棉纺织企业有工作经验的工人和从未进入车间的学生作为研究对象,对棉纺织车间的热适应进行对比研究。对实际热感觉(AMV)、预测平均热感觉指数(PMV)、预测不满意者的百分比(PPD)和热接受度(TA)指标进行分析。结果 AMV-PMV的理想值应为零,现场测定工人的AMV-PMV值为-0.67±0.80,学生为0.62±0.78。调查的AMV、计算出来的PMV和PPD值均高于标准的推荐值,并且工人和学生对热环境不接受的比例远低于PPD。结论若准确描述棉纺织车间的热环境并提供健康保护措施,必须针对棉纺织车间的实际情况,考虑不同研究对象在棉纺车间人体热适应的差异。
Objective To study the human body thermal adaptation of cotton textile workshop, to provide the experimental basis and theoretical basis for further researching the thermal environment of cotton spinning workshop and adopting appropriate health protection measures. Methods Select the workers who have working experience in a cotton textile enterprise in Zhengzhou City and the students who never enter the workshop as the research object, and make a comparative study on the thermal adaptation of the cotton textile workshop. The actual thermal sensation (AMV), predicted mean thermal sensation index (PMV), percentage of predicted unsatisfactory (PPD), and thermal acceptability (TA) were analyzed. Results The ideal value of AMV-PMV should be zero. The AMV-PMV of field workers was -0.67 ± 0.80 and 0.62 ± 0.78. The AMVs surveyed had calculated PMV and PPD values above the standard recommended values, and workers and students were far less likely to accept thermal conditions than PPD. Conclusion If we accurately describe the thermal environment of cotton textile workshop and provide health protection measures, we must consider the difference of human body thermal adaptation of different research objects in cotton textile workshop according to the actual situation of cotton textile workshop.