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一、引言侧扫声纳是一种研究海底的技术,它与其它地球物理学的方法相结合,利用记录和显示斜入射角下的海底混响来研究海底。声纳换能器设计成水平束宽为1.5到2.5度,垂直束宽稍大,约10到15度。它安装在对于横摇和艏摇足够稳定的载体上,载体在与主波束成直角的方向曳航。在规则的间隔内发射声脉冲,相邻发射之间记录混响。主波束由水平方向向下倾斜,以便以掠入射角击中海底。发射脉冲的带宽由需要的距离分辨率支配。换能器载体的运动与
I. INTRODUCTION Side-scan sonar is a technique for studying the seafloor. It combines with other geophysical methods to study the seafloor by recording and displaying seabed reverberation at oblique angles of incidence. Sonar transducers are designed to have a horizontal beam width of 1.5 to 2.5 degrees and a slightly larger vertical beam width of about 10 to 15 degrees. It is mounted on a carrier that is sufficiently stable for rolling and tilting that the carrier is towed in a direction at right angles to the main beam. Sound pulses are emitted at regular intervals and reverberation is recorded between adjacent shots. The main beam is tilted downward from the horizontal to hit the bottom of the sea at a grazing incidence. The bandwidth of the transmitted pulse is governed by the required distance resolution. Transducer carrier movement and