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本文系统地研究了离子交换树脂催化剂——Amberlyst 15催化甲醛合成三聚甲醛的中毒形式和再生方法。试验证实在反应的条件下不发生脱磺酸基引起的中毒,而发生的主要中毒形式是:(1)甲醛发生缩聚等反应,形成结构复杂的网状大分子化合物,复盖于催化剂表面而发生的有机物中毒;(2)甲醛溶液中含有微量金属离于与催化剂上的H+发生交换的无机物中毒。试验证明,无机物中毒可用一般的酸—碱洗涤方法得到再生;有机物中毒可在酸性氧化剂下,将含羧基等复杂结构的网状大分子有机物氧化为羧基结构,并按波波夫()规律断裂为小分子的羧酸,羧酸在NaOH水溶液中形成水溶性的羧酸钠而除去。
This paper systematically studied the ion exchange resin catalyst - Amberlyst 15 catalyzed synthesis of formaldehyde formaldehyde form and regeneration methods. The test confirmed that under the conditions of the reaction does not occur desulphonate-induced poisoning, and the occurrence of the main forms of poisoning are: (1) polycondensation of formaldehyde and other reactions to form a complex network of macromolecular compounds, covering the catalyst surface and Occurred in organic poisoning; (2) formaldehyde solution containing trace metals from the catalyst on the H + exchange of inorganic poisoning. Experiments show that inorganic poisoning can be regenerated by the general acid-base washing method; organic poisoning can oxidize the network macromolecule organic compounds with complex structure such as carboxyl group into carboxyl structure under acidic oxidant, and according to Popov’s law The cleavage is a small molecule of carboxylic acid, which is removed by the formation of a water-soluble sodium carboxylate in aqueous NaOH solution.