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在中国,干部的范围很广,官员、党政群团机关和企业、事业单位的部分职员、军官、法官乃至教师、医生等专业技术人员,都属于干部,干部在人事管理中是一个与工人相对的概念;而知识分子的内含更不确定,更多歧义。在中国,知识分子主要是看受教育的程度,而国外知识分子主要是指社会中承担的角色,如独立的价值观和批判态度等。为防止概念的歧义影响思想的交流,所以我不如换成两个边界比较具体的概念——官员与学者。
In China, there are a wide range of cadres. Officials, party and government mass organizations and enterprises, some employees of public institutions, military officers, judges and even teachers and doctors are all cadres. In cadre management, Relative concepts; and intellectuals are more uncertain, more ambiguous. In China, intellectuals mainly look at the level of education, while foreign intellectuals mainly refer to the roles assumed in society, such as independent values and critical attitude. In order to prevent the ambiguity of the concept from affecting the exchange of ideas, I might as well replace the two more concrete concepts of the border - officials and scholars.