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以3种不同酸性的物质—氢氧化铝、硼酸和磷酸作为改性剂,通过熔融共混法对酚醛树脂进行改性,并对样品进行了红外、热失重和机械性能等测试。结果表明,只有具有酸性的物质(硼酸与磷酸)对酚醛树脂的性能有较大提高。比如硼酸改性酚醛树脂的热稳定性和冲击强度分别在硼酸含量为10%(wt,下同)和4%时获得极大值;而酸性更强的磷酸作为改性剂时,相应的极大值位置在磷酸含量更低时就可获得,分别在4%和2%。此外,3种改性剂的使用,都提高了酚醛树脂的硬度。这些表明了改性剂的酸性对于酚醛树脂性能有重要的影响。
Three different acidic substances, aluminum hydroxide, boric acid and phosphoric acid, were used as modifiers to modify the phenolic resin by melt blending method. The samples were also tested for their infrared, thermogravimetric and mechanical properties. The results show that only the acidic substances (boric acid and phosphoric acid) have greatly improved the properties of phenolic resin. For example, the thermal stability and impact strength of boric acid-modified phenolic resin get the maximum value when boric acid content is 10% (wt, the same below) and 4%, respectively. When the more acidic phosphoric acid is used as modifier, Larger values are available at lower phosphoric acid levels, 4% and 2% respectively. In addition, the use of three modifiers, have increased the hardness of phenolic resin. These show that the acidity of the modifier has a significant effect on the properties of the phenolic resin.