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以10年树龄油橄榄植株为试验材料,通过控制土壤含水量及间作或不间作百喜草,测定油橄榄根际土壤理化指标、土壤肥力相关酶活性及叶片生理生化指标,探究间作百喜草对油橄榄根际微环境和叶片抗旱生理的影响.结果表明:随着水分供应减少,油橄榄叶片细胞膜稳定指数显著下降,超氧阴离子(O_2ˉ·)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及过氧化氢(H_2O_2)含量上升,这表明干旱对油橄榄叶片造成了一定的胁迫和伤害;间作百喜草后,一方面提高了油橄榄叶片细胞膜稳定指数,抑制了O_2ˉ·产生速率、MDA含量及H_2O_2含量的上升,增加了可溶性糖、脯氨酸、Vc和还原型谷胱甘肽含量,增强了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;另一方面提高了土壤酶活性,降低了土壤的pH值,并从整体上提高了油橄榄的根系活力,增加了土壤有机质含量.其中以细胞膜稳定指数、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性、土壤转化酶活性和根系活力等指标在Water-2处理下变化最为显著,较不间作百喜草分别提高了20.2%、14.9%、24.3%、177.9%和15.9%.可见间作百喜草能够有效改善油橄榄根际土壤微环境,提高油橄榄自身的抗氧化能力,增强油橄榄的整体抗旱性.(图6表1参37)
The 10-year-old olive plant was used as test material to determine rhizosphere soil physical and chemical indexes, soil enzyme activities and leaf physiological and biochemical indexes of Olea europaea by controlling soil water content and inter- Rhizosphere microenvironment and leaf drought resistance.The results showed that with the reduction of water supply, the stability index of the cell membrane of P. olives decreased significantly, the production rate of O 2ˉ ·, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the content of hydrogen peroxide ( H 2 O 2 increased, which indicated that drought caused some stress and damage on the leaves of P. olives. After intercropping with B. gracilis, the stability index of the cell membrane of P. olives increased, the O 2ˉ · production rate, the content of MDA and the content of H 2 O 2 increased, Increased the content of soluble sugar, proline, Vc and reduced glutathione, enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT); on the other hand Improve soil enzyme activity, reduce soil pH, and improve the root activity of the olive as a whole, increasing the content of soil organic matter.In which the stability index of the cell membrane, Under the treatment of Water-2, the contents of amino acid, CAT activity, soil invertase activity and root activity were the most significant ones, which increased by 20.2%, 14.9%, 24.3%, 177.9% and 15.9% respectively. Visible intercropping bahia grass can effectively improve the olive rhizosphere soil microenvironment, improve the olive’s own antioxidant capacity and enhance the overall drought resistance of olive (Figure 6 Table 1 Reference 37)