油菜生育期长、耗肥量大,在現蕾抽苔以前偏重于营养生长,現蕾抽苔以后轉入生形生长,营养生长和生殖生长有着內在联系,前期营养生长好坏直接影响到后期开花結实,相反,油菜是边現蕾、边抽苔、边开花、边結莢,后期耗肥量特多,这时肥料多少則对产量起到决定性的作用。群众在施肥技术上有采用施足基肥、勤浇苗肥、壅培腊肥,使冬前旺盛生长,即所謂“各发”;有采用适当控制冬前生长、保持老壮苗,越冬后着重抽苔期追肥加碼,以求抽苔后旺盛生长,即所謂“春发”;有采用爭取两个阶段平衡生长,保持冬春“双发”。当然,如果肥料充足,保持冬春“双发”,肯定能提高产量,但目前生产上能达到这样条件的毕竟是极少数,因此如何以有限肥料、特別是氮肥,施于“刀口”上,則是科学研究上的重要課題。1962—1963年我所在往年試驗的基础 Rape long growth period, the amount of fertilizer consumption, in the bud before the emphasis on vegetative growth bolting, budding bolting into the growth after the birth, vegetative and reproductive growth is intrinsically linked to early vegetative growth directly affects the late Flowering strong, on the contrary, the rape is budding, while the edge of bolting, flowering, edge pod, the amount of excessive consumption of late much, then the amount of fertilizer on the yield play a decisive role. The masses in the fertilization technology Shizujifei, diligence Miaofei, Pei La manor, the strong growth before the winter, the so-called “hair”; have adopted appropriate control of winter growth, to maintain the old strong seedlings, focusing on the winter Dressing plus dressing plus code, in order to vigorous growth after bolting, the so-called “spring hair”; there are two stages for the fight to balance the growth and maintain winter and spring “double hair.” Of course, if sufficient fertilizers are available, keeping the “double hair” in winter and spring will surely increase the output. However, there are only a handful of conditions that can be met in production so far. Therefore, with limited fertilizers, especially nitrogenous fertilizers, It is an important issue in scientific research. 1962-1963 The basis of my previous years experiments