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本文提出一种求解反击式水轮机甩负荷过渡过程的解析计算方法。这种方法与传统的计算方法的主要区别在于:给出了适用于所有类型反击式小轮机的通用求解公式,而无需已知静态力矩特性,便可准确求解过渡过程最主要的工况参数——转数的瞬变曲线。由于通用的解析计算公式是以逸速时间比τ_n 做为参量的,而τ_n的计算,作者早已给出了一整套较为完善、准确的方法,因此,保证了转数瞬变曲线的求解精度。装置水头的瞬变曲线则由一般的刚性水击微分方程式的求解确定。比较了实测曲线与按本文方法解析计算的曲线,证明本方法简单,实用,并且有较为满意的求解精度。
In this paper, an analytical method to solve the load transfer process of an impact turbine is proposed. The main difference between this method and the traditional calculation method is that the general solution formula for all types of small impact turbochargers is given, and the most important working parameter of the transition process can be accurately solved without knowing the static torque characteristics - - Transient curves of revolutions. Since the general analytical formula is based on the decay time ratio τ_n as the parameter, and the calculation of τ_n, the author has already given a complete set of more perfect and accurate methods, thus ensuring the solution accuracy of the transient speed transient curve. The transient curve of the device head is determined by solving the general rigid water hammer differential equation. Comparing the measured curve with the curve calculated by this method, the method is proved to be simple and practical, and has a satisfactory solution accuracy.