一、前言近几年来,铁路运输的经济性和安全性的焦点已经是过热轮温所引起的车轮损伤问题了。货物列车载重量的增加和长度的加大,客货列车运行速度的提高,都导致制动作用的增强和车轮温升的加剧。空气制动机故障和手制动机不缓解不但使车轮温度升高,而且浪费了已经大大提高了价格的燃料。因为没备故障造成的列车晚点和运输中断对铁路来说是难以容忍的。不仅如此,设备故障所造成的事故还将伤害人命并造成巨大的经济 I. Introduction In recent years, the focus of economic and security on railway transport has been the problem of wheel damage caused by overheating wheel temperature. The increase of cargo train carrying capacity and the increase of length, the increase of running speed of passenger and freight trains all lead to the enhancement of braking effect and the increase of wheel temperature rise. Air brake malfunctions and hand braking do not ease not only the temperature of the wheels but also the fuel that has drastically increased the price. Train delays and disruptions to transport due to lack of equipment are intolerable to the railroad. Not only that, accidents caused by equipment failures will also harm human lives and create a huge economy