微卫星不稳定性(MSI)是由于复制错误(RER)引起的微卫星(MS)长度的改变,在真核生物基因组中广泛存在。微卫星不稳定性与多种肿瘤如结直肠癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌相关。卵巢癌中错配修复(MMR)基因表达缺陷有助于形成微卫星不稳定性,50%以上高频率MSI(MSI-H)的发生可能由于MMR功能缺陷,尤其是hMLH1启动子过度甲基化。患两种恶性肿瘤的患者其MSI-H的发生更普遍。MSI-H与分化低和临床分期高呈显著相关。表现为微卫星不稳定性的患者有预后不良的趋势。综述微卫星不稳定性与MMR基因表达缺陷、卵巢癌的不同病理类型、顺铂耐药及预后的相关性。 Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a change in microsatellite (MS) length due to a replication error (RER) that is widespread in eukaryotic genomes. Microsatellite instability is associated with a variety of tumors such as colorectal, gastric, breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers. Ovarian cancer mismatch repair (MMR) gene expression defects contribute to the formation of microsatellite instability, more than 50% incidence of high frequency MSI (MSI-H) may be due to MMR function defects, especially the hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation . The incidence of MSI-H is more common in patients with both malignancies. MSI-H was significantly associated with low differentiation and high clinical stage. Patients presenting with microsatellite instability have a poor prognosis. The relationship between microsatellite instability and MMR gene expression, different pathological types of ovarian cancer, cisplatin resistance and prognosis was reviewed.