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通过ISSR分子标记技术分析18份来源于不同产地并经质量评价的草珊瑚种质的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,并进行亲本选配优化分析,为进一步利用这些种质进行育种奠定一定基础。应用ISSR-PCR分子标记技术研究18个份来自于不同居群的草珊瑚种质的DNA指纹图谱,应用Popgen32软件计算遗传多样性和遗传距离,并以UPCMA法进行聚类分析。经筛选获得23条多态性引物,ISSR-PCR扩增共获得198条谱带,其中多态性谱带184条,Nei’s基因多样性指数(h)为0.32,Shannon多样性指数(I)为0.485 4。供试的草珊瑚种质的遗传相似系数为0.383 8~0.878 8,平均为0.661 2。遗传距离分析揭示了各受试种质相互间的遗传一致性与遗传距离,其中种质S2与种质S18之间的遗传距离最远,为0.957 5,而种质S4与种质S5之间的遗传距离最近,仅为0.129 2。而聚类分析表明种质S1,S2,S3,S7,S10等5个种质在不同程度上有别于其余受试13个种质,并优化了S2与S3,S2与S6,S2与S18等3组较佳亲本选配组合。研究表明受试种质具有较好的遗传多样性,遗传距离分析与聚类分析所揭示的18个种质之间的亲缘关系,并为优化杂交育种的亲本选配提供遗传背景方面可靠的信息。
ISSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 18 species of grass coral that originated from different regions of origin and were evaluated and optimized for parental selection, which laid the foundation for further utilization of these germplasms for breeding. ISSR-PCR molecular markers were used to study the DNA fingerprinting of 18 species of grass coral from different populations. Popgen32 software was used to calculate the genetic diversity and genetic distance, and the cluster analysis was performed by UPCMA. A total of 198 bands were obtained by ISSR-PCR, of which 184 were polymorphic bands, Nei’s gene diversity index (h) was 0.32, and Shannon’s diversity index (I) was 0.485 4. The genetic similarity coefficient of tested grass coral germplasm ranged from 0.383 8 to 0.878 8 with an average of 0.661 2. Genetic distance analysis revealed the genetic identity and genetic distance among the tested germplasms. Among them, the genetic distance between germplasm S2 and germplasm S18 was the farthest, which was 0.957 5, while the genetic distance between germplasm S4 and germplasm S5 The closest genetic distance is only 0.129 2. The cluster analysis showed that germplasm S1, S2, S3, S7, S10 and other five germplasms were different from the rest of the 13 germplasm tested to varying degrees, and S2 and S3, S2 and S6, S2 and S18 3 groups of preferred parent matching combinations. The results showed that the tested germplasms had good genetic diversity, genetic distance analysis and cluster analysis revealed the genetic relationship between the 18 germplasm, and to provide a reliable genetic background for optimizing parental crossbreeding selection .