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(一) 前言近年来,有关中国新石器时代居民体质类型划分方面的研究已经引起国内学术界的瞩目,不少人类学者运用各种方法对新石器时代不同地区居民在体质特征上相互关系和类型的划分问题进行了探讨,并发表了各自的见解。韩康信、潘其风在对我国新石器时代人骨材料进行了全面、系统的研究后指出,“至少在陕西境内仰韶文化各组体质上的联系应属同一类型,它们和大汶口文化组群之间虽在某些性状上存在差异,但两者基本上还是同种系的”,并且推测,上述两个组群的居民可能分别与传说中的华夏、东夷两个集团有关,而“时代稍晚的庙底沟二期文化居民在体质上与这两
(I) Preface In recent years, research on the classification of physique of Neolithic inhabitants in China has attracted the attention of domestic academic circles. Many anthropologists use various methods to study the relationship and type of physical characteristics of residents in different Neolithic regions. The issue of division was discussed, and published their own opinions. Han Kangxin, Pan Qifeng in our country Neolithic human bone material after a comprehensive and systematic study pointed out that “at least in Shaanxi Yangshao culture groups should be the same type of physical contact between them and Dawenkou cultural group Although there are differences in some traits, the two are basically the same species, ”and speculate that the residents of the two groups may be related to the legendary Huaxia and Dongyi groups, respectively. Late Miaodi ditch two culture residents in the physical with these two