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目的:了解河北省2001~2012年围产儿主要出生缺陷发生率顺位及变化趋势。方法:回顾性分析河北省60所医院2001~2012年围产儿出生缺陷监测资料。结果:河北省出生缺陷总发生率在12年中呈逐年上升趋势,先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、外耳其他畸形、先天性脑积水、神经管缺陷是影响河北省出生人口素质的前6位出生缺陷;先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、外耳其他畸形、先天性膈疝等出生缺陷呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01),神经管缺陷、先天性脑积水、肢体短缩、联体双胎等出生缺陷存在显著下降趋势(P<0.05);前6位主要出生缺陷发生率在男女和城乡分布上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:育龄妇女怀孕前、后3个月补服叶酸对降低神经管缺陷效果明显;先天性心脏病、多指(趾)等主要出生缺陷发生率上升幅度较大,应加大产前筛查和诊断力度,有望降低其发生率。
Objective: To understand the prevalence and trend of the major birth defects in perinatals in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2012. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 60 hospitals in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2012 monitoring data on birth defects. Results: The total incidence of birth defects in Hebei Province showed an increasing trend in 12 years. Congenital heart disease, multiple fingers, total cleft lip, other deformities of the external ear, congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects were the causes of birth defects in Hebei Province Birth defects such as congenital heart disease, multiple fingers (toes), other malformations of the external ear and congenital diaphragmatic hernia were significantly increased (P <0.01), neural tube defects, congenital hydrocephalus, (P <0.05). The prevalence of major birth defects in the first six cases was significantly different between men and women and between urban and rural areas (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Folic acid supplementation in preterm and postnatal women at 3 months of pregnancy is effective in reducing neural tube defects. The incidence of major birth defects, such as congenital heart disease and multiple fingers, is greatly increased. Prenatal screening should be increased And diagnosis, is expected to reduce its incidence.