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p53基因家族蛋白包括3个转录因子:p53、p63、p73。p53作为抑癌基因之一被人们广泛的认识,p53原始的祖先基因在非脊椎动物的主要作用是维持基因组的完整性和保真性。p53基因家族在调节生殖功能方面具有重要作用,包括维持卵泡池的大小、生殖细胞基因组的完整性、卵泡的发育、排卵、内分泌、胚胎植入以及女性不孕不育,其中p53及其通路相关基因单核苷酸多态性主要与低龄(<35岁)女性不孕不育有关,而p63、p73基因单核苷酸多态性与高龄(>35岁)女性不孕不育密切相关。
p53 gene family proteins include three transcription factors: p53, p63, p73. As one of the tumor suppressor genes, p53 is widely recognized. The primary role of the p53 primitive ancestral gene in invertebrates is to maintain the integrity and fidelity of the genome. The p53 gene family plays an important role in the regulation of reproductive function including maintaining the size of the follicular pool, the genomic integrity of the germ cells, follicular development, ovulation, endocrinology, embryo implantation, and female infertility, with p53 and its pathway involved Gene single nucleotide polymorphisms are mainly associated with infertility in under-aged (<35 years) women, whereas the single nucleotide polymorphisms of p63 and p73 are closely related to female infertility in the elderly (> 35 years).