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细胞色素P450(CYP,P450)是一个血红蛋白家族的通用名称。这是一个非常巨大、种类丰富的酶家族,广泛存在于进化谱系所有生物体中(从细菌到人)。已经发现和命名的不同CYP蛋白超过11500个(截止至2009年2月),但只有少数进行了详细研究。该家族参与到生命进程中众多的新陈代谢反应,包括羟基化、N-,O-,和S-脱烷基化、磺化氧化、环氧化、脱氨、脱硫、脱卤、过氧化和N-氧化还原作用。本文介绍了细胞色素P450的研究历史、结构、命名法、分类及功能。人类和动物细胞色素P450酶类与诸多疾病相关,尤其是肝病和癌症。三个细胞色素P450基因家族(CYP 1,CYP2和CYP3)似乎参与大量抗生素代谢反应。人们正在深入研究CYP450的功能,为不久的将来能战胜肝病、癌症和其他疾病提供可能性。
Cytochrome P450 (CYP, P450) is a common name for the hemoglobin family. It is a very large and diverse family of enzymes that is found in all living organisms of the evolutionary lineage, from bacteria to humans. More than 11,500 different CYP proteins have been discovered and named (as of February 2009), but only a few have been studied in detail. The family participates in numerous metabolic reactions in life processes including hydroxylation, N-, O- and S-dealkylation, sulfonation, epoxidation, deamination, desulfurization, dehalogenation, peroxidation and N - Redox. This article describes the history, structure, nomenclature, classification and function of cytochrome P450. Human and animal cytochrome P450 enzymes are associated with many diseases, especially liver disease and cancer. The three cytochrome P450 gene families (CYP 1, CYP2 and CYP3) appear to be involved in a number of antibiotic metabolic reactions. People are delving into the capabilities of the CYP450 to provide the possibility of overcoming liver, cancer and other illnesses in the near future.