Under greenhouse conditions, a pot experiment was conducted to seek critical phosphorus concentrations of wheat genotypes with high and low phosphorus use efficiency. Results indicated that low efficient genotype was much more sensitive to phosphorus deficiency, with low or without phosphorus application, seed yield and dry matter of biomass were much lower. The yield of all the genotypes gradually got higher as application rate increased, but high efficient genotype--Lofflin produced relatively higher yields of seeds and biomass with low or without phosphorus input. Highly tolerate to low availability of soil phosphorus and efficient activation and absorption for soil unavailable phosphorus had been displayed. As application rates increased, yields of both genotypes were increased but high efficient genotype maintained stable while low efficient one showed continuously increase with remuneration decrease progressively. Critical phosphorus concentrations in high efficient genotypes of winter wheat were lower than that in low efficient ones and changed with various development stages, for example, at seedling state, the concentrations of high efficient genotype were 4.50-4.60 g/kg while low efficient one was 5.0 g/kg. They were 2.25-2.30 g/kg and 2.52 g/kg at flower stage, 1.96-2.05 g/kg and 2.15 g/kg at maturity respectively. But the values in seeds were reversal, higher in high efficient genotype(4.05-4.10 g/kg) than that in low efficient(3.90 g/kg). Therefore, phosphorus high efficient genotypes belong to the phosphorus resource saving type.