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通过 8 0片亚高山针叶林土壤有机物层切片的显微观察和统计 ,并结合微生物 (CFU)的培养观察 ,对亚高山针叶林土壤有机物分解过程中土壤动物和土壤微生物的作用进行了研究。根据可见针叶数目和C/N比率在土壤有机物层的垂直分布变化将分解过程分为 3个阶段。真菌数量 (CFU)在第一阶段 (表层 0～ 2cm)明显高于第二和第三阶段 (深层 ) ;与此相反细菌的数量 (CFU)却表层少深层多。具有虫便的针叶在表层 (0～ 2cm)为最多 ,而深于 2cm后便急剧减少 ,至 4.5cm处为零。综合以上结果并结合微形态观察我们认为针叶的分解过程随着深度的增加而增加 ;真菌首先定着和破坏针叶表皮层使得内居性动物大量侵入针叶的内部 ;由于动物的取食可视针叶的数量从 2cm到 4.5cm逐渐消失 ;最后破损的针叶逐渐变成碎削和粪便 ,致使碎片的体积越来越小而有机物表面积却相对变大 ,微生物便很容易定着并分解这些碎片 ,在深层起主要作用的可能是细菌。
The effects of soil organic matter and soil microorganisms on the decomposition process of soil organic matter in subalpine coniferous forests were studied by microscopic observation and statistical analysis of the sections of soil organic matter in 80 subalpine coniferous forests and the observation of the cultivation of microorganisms (CFU) the study. According to the visible number of needle and C / N ratio in the vertical distribution of soil organic matter layer decomposition process is divided into three stages. The number of fungi (CFU) was significantly higher in the first stage (0-2 cm above the surface) than in the second and third stages (deep); in contrast, the number of bacteria (CFU) was much less. Needles with insects in the surface layer (0 ~ 2cm) for the most, but after 2cm deep sharp decline, to 4.5cm at zero. Based on the above results and the observation of micromorphology, we think that the decomposition process of conifer increased with the increase of depth. Fungi first settled and damaged the coniferous epidermis, Depending on the number of needles gradually disappear from 2cm to 4.5cm; the final damaged conifer gradually become broken and feces, resulting in debris smaller and smaller organic surface area is relatively large, micro-organisms will be easy to fix and decompose these Fragments, which may play a major role in the depths, are bacteria.