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声门下狭窄系指声带下到环状软骨板下缘间气道内径小于3 mm,在用力或安静时呼吸有喘鸣者。分为先天性,后天性和混合性三类。先天性者概因喉发育不全所致,多见于早产儿和糖尿病孕妇所生之婴儿。后天性狭窄常因气管插管损伤,或因感染、灼伤而引起声门下粘膜水肿、溃疡,或软骨炎、软骨破坏、发生肉芽或/和瘢痕增生、收缩而致声门下区狭窄;以及因气管切开其上部气管前壁被套管压迫内陷而致管腔狭窄。因此正确掌握气管切开术的操作技术,选择合适的套管,控制继发感染,对预防喉气管狭窄是非常重要的。作者于1975～1985年在得克萨斯州儿童医院治疗21例声门下狭窄患儿,年龄从新生儿到14
Subglottic stenosis refers to the vocal cord to the lower edge of the annular cartilage between the airway diameter less than 3 mm, when in force or quiet breathing wheeze. Divided into congenital, acquired and mixed three categories. Congenital person due to laryngeal hypoplasia caused more common in premature children born to pregnant women and diabetic infants. Acquired stenosis often due to tracheal intubation injury, or due to infection, burns caused by subglottic mucosal edema, ulcers, or chondritis, cartilage damage, granulation and / or scar hyperplasia and contraction caused by subglottic stenosis; and due to trachea Cut the upper part of the anterior wall of the trachea by cannula compression caused by retraction of the lumen stenosis. Therefore, proper control of tracheotomy operation techniques, select the appropriate casing, control of secondary infection, to prevent laryngeal tracheal stricture is very important. The authors treated 21 patients with subglottic stenosis at Texas Children’s Hospital from 1975 to 1985, ranging in age from newborn to 14