一、引言海底管道固有的、或在加工及铺设过程中形成的潜在缺陷,在海洋环境的外载作用下,有可能酿成破损事故;即使无此隐患,诸如地震、海啸等突发性自然灾害;使用过程中的腐蚀、材料疲劳,以及锚钩、渔网等人为侵害也会造成损坏。这种损坏多具随机性,且常伴有油气喷发或漏泄。 1980年,欧洲北海海域Thistle至Dunlin为一段管线,被锚钩拉断而损失了几千吨原 I. INTRODUCTION Potential defects inherent in submarine pipelines or formed during processing and laying may cause damage accidents under the external load of the marine environment. Even without such hidden danger, natural and unexpected natural phenomena such as earthquakes and tsunamis Disasters; Corrosion during use, fatigue of materials, and human-induced damage such as anchors and nets. This damage is more random, and often accompanied by oil and gas eruptions or leakage. In 1980, a stretch of pipe from Thistle to Dunlin in the North Sea of ​​Europe was pulled off by an anchor and lost thousands of tons