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本文研究了钎料中活性金属元素对母材,特别是对氮化硅陶瓷的润湿性及对氯化硅陶瓷与40Cr钢钎焊接头性能的影响机制。活性元素的选用,应从活性元素能否与陶瓷生成晶格一致或相似的新相、合金热力学及合金相变原理出发;通过测试,在Ti、车Zr、AeI、V等活性金属中,选用Ti做为钎焊氮化硅陶瓷与40Cr钢钎料中的活性金属元素,确定了最佳系列钎料。钎料中的活性元素含量,直接影响接头的强度,确定了活性金属元素Ti的最佳含量。通过加入过渡层金属改善钎焊接头性能的研究,结果表明,过渡层金属的选择,在膨胀系数基本匹配的条件下,尽可能选择弹性模量、屈服强度小的材料做过渡层,使其产生塑性变形,以缓和接头的热应力。同时,过渡层金属的厚度、钎焊工艺参数,对接头的强度也有着直接影响。
In this paper, the wettability of the active metal elements in the solder to the base metal, especially to the silicon nitride ceramics, and the influence mechanism on the properties of the silicon chloride ceramic and the brazed joints of 40Cr steel were studied. The selection of active elements should be based on whether the active elements can form new or similar phase with the ceramic lattice, the thermodynamics of alloys and the principle of alloy phase transformation. Through testing, Ti, Zr, AeI, V and other active metals are selected from Ti As the brazing silicon nitride ceramic and 40Cr steel solder in the active metal elements, to determine the best series of solder. The active element content in the solder directly affects the strength of the joint, and determines the optimal content of active metal element Ti. The study on improving the performance of brazed joint by adding transition layer metal shows that the choice of transition layer metal, under the condition that the expansion coefficient is basically matched, selects the elastic modulus and the yield strength as the transition layer to produce Plastic deformation, in order to ease the joint thermal stress. At the same time, the thickness of transition layer metal, brazing process parameters, the strength of the joint also has a direct impact.