反“右”倾斗争是指1959年7月从庐山会议开始反对以彭德怀同志为代表的所谓“右倾机会主义者”的斗争,这是“大跃进”之后的又一次失误。本来,1958年底,中央和毛泽东已觉察了“大跃进和公社化中的一些问题,并采取了一些纠正措施。如1958年11月初,毛泽东在郑州会议上就针对公社化运动中混淆社会主义与共产主义的问题,提出划清社会主义与共产主义、集体所有制与全民所有制界限的必要性。他说,我国现在仍是社会主义,不是共产主义,人民公社化仍是集体所有制, The struggle against rightism refers to the struggle against the so-called “Right opportunist” represented by Comrade Peng Dehuai from the Lushan summit in July 1959, and it is another mistake after the “Great Leap Forward.” Originally, at the end of 1958, the Central Committee and Mao Zedong realized that “some problems in the Great Leap Forward and communalization have taken some corrective measures.” In early November 1958, Mao Zedong, at the meeting in Zhengzhou, confused socialism with communism Communism, put forward the need to make a clear distinction between socialism and communism, collective ownership and ownership by the whole people, saying that our country is still socialism and not communism and that people’s communes are still collective ownership,