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体是俄语动词的核心语法范畴。它从界限性/非界限性、整体性/非整体性的角度来反映“行为在时间中的运动特点和分配特点”。体的语法意义通过完成体和未完成体两类相互对立的动词形式来表达。参与表达行为在时间中的运动特点,特别是各种具体体性意义的不仅限于动词体,还有词汇、构词、句法等各种语言层次的手段。以体范畴为中心,包括所有这些语言手段以及它们参与表达的各种体性意义,构成了俄语的体性功能语义场。
Body is the core grammatical category of Russian verbs. It reflects the “movement characteristics and distribution characteristics of behavior in time” from the perspective of limits / non-limits and integrity / non-integrality. The grammatical meaning of the body is expressed in the form of two opposite verbs, the complete body and the unfinished body. Participating in the expression of behavior in the movement of time, in particular, the meaning of a variety of specific physical is not limited to verbs, as well as vocabulary, word formation, syntax and other language means. Body-centered, including all these linguistic meanings and the various kinds of sexual meanings they are involved in, constitute the functional semantic field of Russian.