针对交通政策设计中决策过程的可选方法展开探讨。探索对出行政策进行综合预测、评价、优化以实现决策方案最优的可能性。从长远来看,为了适应像城市这样一个动态系统,采用了用地与交通相互影响模型(LUTI)的长期评估方法。在评估的全过程中,通过成本效益分析来衡量实施LUTI动态决策所产生的社会福利,然后通过优化程序使其达到最大化。这一模型在马德里市收费站最优定价策略项目中得到验证,该项目要求保证系统效率、社会公平以及环境质量。与其他定价方案相比,最优方案能以相对较低的收费产生更多的社会盈余。该实践结果突出强调了不同因素对研究区域以及对社会福利盈余的主要贡献者的影响,从而反思采用的成本分析方法是否可以作为设计可持续政策的最佳方法。 Discussion on Alternative Methods of Decision-making Process in Traffic Policy Design. Explore the comprehensive prediction of travel policy, evaluation, optimization in order to achieve the best possible decision-making programs. In the long run, in order to adapt to a dynamic system like the city, a long-term assessment of land use and traffic interdependence model (LUTI) has been used. Throughout the assessment, social benefits resulting from the implementation of LUTI’s dynamic decisions are measured through a cost-benefit analysis and then maximized through an optimization process. The model is validated at the Madrid Tariff Optimal Pricing Strategy project, which requires system efficiency, social equity and environmental quality. Compared with other pricing schemes, the optimal solution can generate more social surpluses with relatively lower fees. This practice highlighting the impact of different factors on the study area and on the major contributors to social welfare surpluses so as to reflect on whether the cost analysis approach adopted can be the best way to design a sustainable policy.