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目的了解宿州市2010年-2014年流感流行病学特征和病毒型别的变化,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采集国家流感监测点的流感样病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应进行流感病毒核酸检测以及型别、亚型鉴定。结果宿州市2010年-2014年共检测流感样病例标本3 161例,检出流感病毒阳性样本231例,阳性率为7.31%;主要以乙型流感病毒为主(56.71%),其次是季H3(30.30%),最低的是季H1(0.43%);男性和女性阳性率分别为7.48%和7.00%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.003 4,P>0.05);2010年和2014年以乙型为主,2011年季H3和新甲型H1N1并存,2012年季H3和乙型并存,2013年季H3为优势毒株;1月-4月优势流感毒株为乙型,但8月-12月优势流感毒株为季H3。结论宿州市流感样病例病毒核酸检测阳性率低,但宿州市流行的优势毒株随年度和季节发生交替或混合流行的变化,应进一步加强流感的监测工作。
Objective To understand the changes of influenza epidemiology and virus types in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swab samples of influenza-like illness were collected from the national influenza surveillance sites. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid and to identify the type and subtype. Results A total of 3 161 samples of influenza-like illness were detected in Suzhou City during 2010-2014. A total of 231 influenza virus positive samples were detected, with a positive rate of 7.31%. Influenza virus B was predominant (56.71%), followed by H3 (30.30%), the lowest was H1 (0.43%). The positive rates of male and female were 7.48% and 7.00% respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.003 4, P> 0.05). In 2010 and 2014 Type B, season H3 and new H1N1 coexist in 2011, season H3 and type B coexist in 2012, season H3 is the dominant strain in 2013, and strain B is predominant in type B in January-April, but August-December The dominant flu strain is season H3. Conclusion The positive rate of nucleic acid detection in influenza-like cases in Suzhou is low. However, the prevalence of dominant strains in Suzhou varies from year to year and from season to season, and influenza surveillance should be further strengthened.