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张溥的《五人墓碑记》中有这样一句:“亦以明死生之大,匹夫之有重于社稷也”。教科书对“亦以明死生之大”作这样的解释:“也就是为了说明死生的重大意义。死生,指有价值的和无价值的不同的生和死”。如果按照这种解释,上句就成了“也就是为了说明有价值的和无价值的不同的生和死的重大意义”。有价值的生和死,可以说是有重大意义的;无价值的生和死,怎么能说成有重大意义呢?这样,上面的解释就和译文产生了抵牾。
In Zhang Jian’s Tombstone for Five, there is a sentence like this: “It is also true that death is a big cause of death, and the weight of the husband and wife is more important than that of the community.” Textbooks are used to explain “it is also the case of the death of the dead”: “It is to explain the great significance of death. Death means different life and death, both valuable and worthless.” If this explanation is followed, the previous sentence becomes “that is, to explain the significance of different life and deaths of value and worthlessness.” The value of life and death can be said to be of great significance; how can worthless life and death be of great significance? In this way, the above explanation contradicts the translation.