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用7种不同有机改良剂处理土壤,在盆栽和田间小区试验条件下分别研究了它们对棉花黄萎病的防治效果。调查结果表明:几丁质(蟹壳粉)处理对棉花黄萎病的防治效果最好,在盆栽和小区试验中病情指数分别比对照降低了72.21%和62.26%;豆秸粉和绿肥(新鲜油菜叶腐熟物)也有较好的防效,在盆栽和小区试验中均达到50%以上。田间小区的试验结果与盆栽试验结果基本一致。对根际微生物区系分析结果表明,不同有机改良剂处理土壤后根际微生物群体数量显著增加,种类增多,区系组成更加复杂,而且对棉花黄萎病菌具有抑制作用的真菌和放线菌比率也高于对照。
The soil was treated with seven different organic amendments, and their control effects on Verticillium dahliae were studied in pot and field plots. The results showed that chitin (crab shell powder) had the best control effect on Verticillium dahliae, and its disease index decreased by 72.21% and 62.26% in pot and plot test respectively. Compared with the control, the soybean straw powder and green manure Rape leaf rot products) also have good control effect, in potted plants and community tests have reached more than 50%. Field plot test results and pot test results are basically the same. The analysis of rhizosphere microbial flora showed that the number of rhizosphere microbial groups increased significantly with different organic amendments, the species composition was more complicated, and the fungi and actinomycetes which had the inhibitory effect on Verticillium dahliae Also higher than the control.