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通过新疆玛纳斯河流域盐渍化弃耕地植被恢复定位试验,研究人工草地、单作农田、林粮间作、林地4种恢复模式对土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响。结果表明,4种弃耕地恢复模式均显著增加土壤养分含量,其中林粮间作>单作农田>人工草地>林地>弃耕地(CK)。林粮间作及人工草地土壤微生物数量较多,分别为1.6×106 CFU/g和1.1×106 CFU/g。土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶活性均增加,说明3种酶活性与植被恢复互为正效应。不同恢复模式可以增加土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)与土壤微生物生物量氮含量,人工草地、单作农田、林粮间作、林地4种模式土壤微生物量碳含量分别比CK增加1.36,1.26,1.42,1.23倍,微生物量氮含量增加1.48,1.13,1.88,1.09倍。人工草地和林地模式显著提高土壤微生物量熵(QMBC)。研究表明,林粮间作和人工草地土壤的改良效果较佳,可作为盐碱地生态恢复的首选模式。
Through the experiment on the vegetation restoration of salinized abandoned farmland in Manas River Basin in Xinjiang, the effects of artificial grassland, single cropland, intercropping forest and woodland on the physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics of soil were studied. The results showed that the four kinds of abandoned farmland restoration mode all increased the soil nutrient content significantly, among them the intercropping of forest> monoculture farmland> artificial grassland> woodland> abandoned farmland (CK). Soil microbial count in forest-grain intercropping and artificial grassland were 1.6 × 106 CFU / g and 1.1 × 106 CFU / g, respectively. Soil urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase activities were increased, indicating that the three kinds of enzyme activity and vegetation recovery each other positive effect. Compared with CK, soil microbial biomass carbon increased by 1.36, 1.26 and 1.42 respectively in SMBC and soil microbial biomass nitrogen under different restoration patterns. Compared with CK, artificial grassland, single cropland, intercropping forest and forest land, 1.23 times, microbial biomass nitrogen increased 1.48,1.13,1.88,1.09 times. Artificial grassland and woodland models significantly increased soil microbial biomass entropy (QMBC). The results showed that the improvement effect of forest grain intercropping and artificial grassland was better and could be the first choice for ecological restoration of saline-alkali soil.