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本文旨在批判地审视流行于当代美国公共话语的文化身份观。作者发现,人们普遍认为文化身份是一种固定的、排他的实体,具有内在的、积极的道德规范作用。而本文则提出动态的文化身份观,强调文化身份不再墨守成规,而是持续发展的。据此本文提出了“跨文化身份”这一概念,并将其作为文化身份的延伸和对应。从一个开放的视角来看,身份的发展不再局限于单一的原文化。作者从人们在面临不同文化身份交错的种种挑战而做出的“压力—适应—成长”的心理反应来解释身份的变化发展。这种跨文化挑战被描述成推动个体在跨文化学习、认知提升和自我—他者关系取向上的进步,这既有个人意义也有普遍意义。
This article aims to critically examine the cultural identity that prevails in contemporary American public discourse. The authors found that it is generally accepted that cultural identity is a fixed, exclusive entity with an inherent, positive moral normative role. This article proposes a dynamic view of cultural identity, emphasizing that cultural identity is no longer adhered to conventions, but rather sustainable development. Accordingly, this paper proposes the concept of “cross-cultural identity ” as an extension and correspondence of cultural identities. From an open perspective, the development of identity is no longer limited to a single original culture. The author explains the evolution of identity from the “stress-adaptation-growth” psychology that people face in facing the challenges of different cultural identities. This cross-cultural challenge has been described as promoting individual progress in intercultural learning, cognitive ascension, and self-relationship with others, both personal and general.