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甲基化是单胺类神经递质儿茶酚胺、5-羟色胺和组胺降解的关键步骤。没有活泼甲基供应,即使催化甲基化反应的转甲基酶正常,甲基化介导的单胺类神经递质降解将不能进行。已知尼亚新(烟酸和烟酰胺)降解消耗体内活泼甲基,而目前食物中添加尼亚新已使高尼亚新饮食非常普遍。然而,过多尼亚新对单胺类神经递质代谢的影响尚不完全清楚。本文旨在观察烟酰胺超载对人5-羟色胺和组胺代谢的影响。9名健康男性志愿者禁食过夜后,口服100mg烟酰胺,于口服药物前后取尿液和血浆样本。用高效液相色谱法检测血浆甲基化烟酰胺、甜菜碱和尿中N1-甲基-2-吡啶酮-5-羟基胺水平,用试剂盒检测血浆胆碱、组胺和5-羟色胺水平。结果显示,烟酰胺负荷后,受试者血浆甲基化烟酰胺水平和尿中甲基化代谢产物N1-甲基-2-吡啶酮-5-羟基胺排出均增加,而血浆甲基供体甜菜碱水平降低,同时伴5-羟色胺和组胺水平显著增加。以上结果提示过量摄入烟酰胺可引起单胺类神经递质代谢紊乱,这将有助于揭示饮食与单胺代谢紊乱相关疾病(如精神分裂症和自闭症)的关系。
Methylation is a key step in the degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters catecholamines, serotonin and histamine. Without an active methyl supply, methylation-mediated monoamine neurotransmitter degradation will not proceed, even if the methylase catalyzing methylation is normal. Niaxin (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) degradation is known to consume lively methyl groups in the body, whereas current dietary supplementation with niaxin has made new Codian diet very common. However, the effect of darnex on monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism is not fully understood. This article aims to observe the effects of nicotinamide overloading on human serotonin and histamine metabolism. Nine healthy male volunteers were fasted overnight and were given 100 mg of nicotinamide orally and urine and plasma samples taken before and after oral administration. Plasma methylated nicotinamide, betaine, and urinary N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-hydroxylamine levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Plasma choline, histamine and serotonin levels were measured using a kit . The results showed that plasma nicotinamide levels and urinary methylation metabolites N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-hydroxylamine excretion increased after administration of nicotinamide, while plasma methyl donor Betaine levels decreased, with significant increases in serotonin and histamine levels. These results suggest that excessive intake of nicotinamide can cause monoamine neurotransmitter metabolic disorders, which will help to reveal the relationship between diet and disorders associated with monoamine metabolism (such as schizophrenia and autism).