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碳/碳复合材料的氧化敏感性限制了它的应用,为满足未来宇航飞行器等对高温结构材料的需要,必须彻底解决碳/碳复合材料的氧化防护问题。本文在认真分析碳/碳复合材料氧化过程的基础上,全面总结了提高碳/碳复合材料的抗氧化途径,其具体方法包括:材料内部结构、纤维、基体的改进和用各种方法在其表面施加保护涂层。同时,进一步发现:一种包括硼酸盐玻璃作内涂层,以SiC、Si_3N_4、SiO_2等作为外涂层的多层涂层系统,能在1700℃以下对碳/碳复合材料提供较好的防护。
The oxidation sensitivity of carbon / carbon composites limits its application. In order to meet the needs of future high temperature structural materials such as spacecraft, the oxidation protection of carbon / carbon composites must be completely solved. Based on a careful analysis of the oxidation process of carbon / carbon composites, this paper comprehensively summarizes the ways to improve the oxidation resistance of carbon / carbon composites. The specific methods include: the internal structure of materials, the improvement of fibers and matrix, Apply a protective coating to the surface. At the same time, it is further found that a multi-layer coating system comprising borate glass as an undercoat, SiC, Si_3N_4, SiO_2 and the like as an overcoat can provide better carbon / carbon composites at temperatures below 1700 ° C Protection.