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从陈独秀信札到过云楼旧藏,再到鲁迅手稿,国家优先购买权一直搅动着文物拍卖市场,但是到底什么是国家优先购买权?国家优先购买权是否于法有据?国家优先购买权到底是权利还是权力?国家优先购买权应当怎样行使?这些问题一直困扰着文物拍卖届,如若对国家购买权这一问题没有清晰的定性和健全的施行方式,则该制度犹如达摩克利斯之剑会一直悬在委托人、拍卖人以及参拍人之上,笔者在此试图对该制度进行剖析,以希对文物拍卖市场提供一些有益见解。
From Chen Duxiu’s letters to the old buildings in Yunlou and then to the manuscripts in Lu Xun, the national preemptive right has been stirring up the auction market of cultural relics. However, what is the priority of state preemption right? Whether the national preemption right is based on law? Whether it is right or power? How to exercise state preemptive rights? These problems have plagued the cultural relics auctions. If there is no clear qualitative and sound way to exercise state purchasing power, the system is like the sword of Damocles Will be hanging over the client, auctioneer and the participant above, I attempt to analyze the system in this hope to Greek cultural relics auction market to provide some useful insights.