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在重核的裂变问题中,新编高中《物理》(必修)课本中讲到:“实验还证明,当入射中子的能量小于1.1MeV时……铀238俘获中子后并不产生裂变。”而以前的十年制《物理》和甲种本《物理》中都讲:“铀238只有俘获能量大于1MeV的中子才可能发生裂变。”到底那种讲法正确。 一、从铀核的裂变机理来看 原子核的液滴模型能较好地解释原子核的裂变。原子核中的能量主要由与原子核的表面积成正比的表面势能和与质子数的平方成正比的库仑势能组成。设原子核为球形,则原
In the fissile problem of heavy nuclear, the textbook “Physics” (compulsory) in the new high school says: “The experiment also proved that when the energy of the incident neutron is less than 1.1 MeV, uranium 238 does not produce fission after trapping the neutron. “In the past decade of ”Physics“ and a type of ”Physics,“ said: ”Uranium 238 only the trapping energy of neutrons greater than 1MeV fission may occur." In the end that is correct. 1. From the perspective of the fission mechanism of uranium nuclei The droplet model of nuclei can better explain the fission of nuclei. The energy in the nucleus mainly consists of the surface potential energy proportional to the surface area of the nucleus and the Coulomb potential energy proportional to the square of the number of protons. If the nucleus is spherical, the original