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细胞膜的选择通透性对维持细胞内环境的稳定起着非常重要的作用,但细胞膜的这种特性限制了一些生物大分子和药物进入细胞内,不利于对一些细胞内疾病的诊断和药物靶向治疗的应用。如何将一些具有诊断和治疗潜力的生物大分子、药物通过细胞膜进入细胞内一直是医学界研究的热点和难点。细胞穿透肽是一类能够携带多肽、蛋白质、核酸、纳米颗粒、病毒颗粒及药物等穿过细胞膜进入细胞,导致完整载物内化的短肽,为生物大分子和药物进入细胞内部提供了有力的运载工具,其作为载体具有的高转导效率和低毒性特点,已经得到了广泛关注和大量研究。目前,细胞穿透肽作为生物分子和药物细胞内化的运载体已经在荧光成像,肿瘤治疗,抗炎治疗及药物靶向治疗中发挥了潜在的诊断和治疗作用,显示出其诱人的应用前景。
The selective permeability of the cell membrane plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of the intracellular environment. However, this characteristic of the cell membrane limits the entry of some biological macromolecules and drugs into the cell, which is not conducive to the diagnosis of some intracellular diseases and to the drug target Application to therapy. How to put some biological macromolecules with potential for diagnosis and treatment into the cells through the cell membrane has always been a hot and difficult issue in the medical field. Cell-penetrating peptides are short peptides that can carry peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, nanoparticles, virus particles and drugs into the cell through the cell membrane, resulting in the internalization of the entire payload. The peptides provide biological macromolecules and drugs into the cells Powerful delivery vehicles, which have high transduction efficiency and low toxicity as carriers, have received extensive attention and extensive research. Currently, cell penetrating peptides, as vectors for biomolecule and drug cell internalization, have shown potential diagnostic and therapeutic effects in fluorescence imaging, oncology, anti-inflammatory and drug-targeted therapies, and have shown their attractive use prospect.