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在大飞机的生产中,金属材料的热膨胀对飞机质量及飞机生产发生了影响。这些影响可以归纳为三方面: 对飞机尺寸和外形的影响、对尺寸协调的影响、对结构内应力的影响。对这三方面的影响进行理论计算表明, 热膨胀对飞机装配工艺的主要影响是对尺寸协调的影响; 而工件的尺寸和外形, 一般地可以控制在公差范围之内。在理论分析产生协调误差的原因并总结实际生产中解决热膨胀协调问题的技术的基础上, 认为在目前我国情况下, 首先从设计补偿及工艺措施方面解决, 在不可能的条件下再合理采用 “材料一致”原则, 是解决热膨胀协调问题的正确途径。
In the production of large aircraft, the thermal expansion of metallic materials has an impact on aircraft quality and aircraft production. These effects can be summed up in three aspects: the impact on the size and shape of the aircraft, the impact on the coordination of the dimensions and the impact on the internal stress in the structure. The theoretical calculation of the influence of these three aspects shows that the main influence of thermal expansion on the aircraft assembly process is the influence on the size coordination; and the size and shape of the workpiece can generally be controlled within the tolerance range. Based on the theoretical analysis of the causes of coordination error and the conclusion of the technology for solving the problem of thermal expansion and coordination in actual production, it is considered that in the current situation of our country, we should first solve the problem of designing compensation and technological measures and make reasonable use of The principle of “consistent materials” is the correct way to solve the problem of coordination of thermal expansion.