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为研究添加外源溶磷菌wj1和wj3对大豆根际土壤的影响及其改良盐碱土的可行性,以吉林省主推高产高油大豆品种“吉育406”为材料,将wj1和wj3菌液施入到不同处理的土壤中,分析外源溶磷菌对不同生育时期大豆根际土壤酶活性、土壤微生物数量和微生物群落的变化。结果表明:大豆生长的R2和R6两时期,混合菌能显著增加黑土中磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和蛋白酶的活性;菌株wj1在整个生育期内提高了黑土磷酸酶活性;黑土添加溶磷菌对大豆根际各种微生物数量均有提高;菌株wj1有利于促进黑土中溶磷菌和自身固氮菌数量的增加,添加wj3和混合菌对整个生育期内土壤中氨化细菌和硝化细菌的数量增加效果明显;添加溶磷菌可显著增加混合盐碱土壤中微生物数量,改善土壤磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性;加菌处理的土壤微生物群落多样性与未接菌处理差异明显;V3-R6,黑土与混合土壤加菌处理均提高了土壤Shannon指数与微生物群落丰富度,增强了混合盐碱土中微生物代谢能力。添加外源溶磷菌可有效增加黑土及混合盐碱土土壤微生物数量,使土壤营养水平趋于合理。
In order to study the effect of exogenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria wj1 and wj3 on soybean rhizosphere soil and the feasibility of improving saline-alkali soil, the main high-yield and high-oil soybean cultivar “吉育 406” was used as material in Jilin Province. The wj1 and wj3 Bacteria were applied to different treatments so as to analyze the changes of soil enzyme activities, soil microorganisms and microbial communities in soybean rhizosphere at different growth stages. The results showed that mixed bacteria could significantly increase the activity of phosphatase, urease, invertase and protease in black soil at R2 and R6 stages of soybean growth. The strain wj1 increased the phosphatase activity of black soil throughout the growth period; On the rhizosphere of various microorganisms increased; the strain wj1 is conducive to the promotion of phosphorus-fixing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in black soil increased the number of wj3 and mixed bacteria in the whole growth period of ammoniacal bacteria and nitrobacteria The addition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria could significantly increase the amount of microorganisms in the mixed saline-alkali soil and improve the activities of soil phosphatase, urease and invertase. The diversity of soil microbial communities treated with bacteria was significantly different from that of un-inoculated bacteria. The concentrations of V3-R6 , Black soil and mixed soil plus bacteria treatment increased soil Shannon index and microbial community richness, enhanced microbial metabolism in saline-alkali soil. Adding exogenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria could effectively increase the amount of soil microbes in black soil and mixed saline-alkali soil so that soil nutrient levels tended to be reasonable.