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孤儿受体(Orphan receptor)是一类目前还未发现其配体的核受体,它与类固醇激素受体、甲状腺激素受体及维生素D3受体同属一个家族。目前发现的孤儿受体成员众多,其中TR3(NGFIB,Nur 77)是一种独特的孤儿受体,它是早期即刻表达基因(immediate-early gene)的产物,其表达可被血清生长因子等多种刺激所诱导。TR3的生理功能目前还不完全清楚,已知TR3参与丘脑下部-垂体-肾上腺轴激素调节和神经调节,在T细胞活化所诱导的细胞程序化死亡(apoptosis)中起关键作用,并调控类固醇21-羟化酶基因的表达。目前国际上对TR3的研究主要集中在基因结构和调控机理方面,而对其在睾丸内受体蛋白和其mRNA的定位和表达的研究则未见报道。我们用免疫组织化学和原位杂交的方法观察了孤儿受体TR3蛋白及其mRNA在大鼠睾丸中的定位和表达。结果表明,在大鼠睾丸中孤儿受体TR3蛋白特异定位于生精细胞,其mRNA在生精细胞特异表达,说明TR3在精子发生过程中可能起着重要作用。
Orphan receptor (Orphan receptor) is a class of nuclear receptors that has not yet found its ligand, which belongs to the same family of steroid hormone receptor, thyroid hormone receptor and vitamin D3 receptor. Currently there are many orphan receptors, of which TR3 (NGFIB, Nur 77) is a unique orphan receptor that is a product of the immediate immediate-early gene whose expression can be overexpressed by serum growth factors Induced by stimuli. The physiological function of TR3 is not fully understood at present. It is known that TR3 is involved in hormonal regulation and neuromodulation in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and plays a key role in the apoptosis of cells induced by T cell activation and regulates steroid 21 - hydroxylase gene expression. At present, the research on TR3 in the world mainly focuses on the gene structure and regulatory mechanism, but the study on the localization and expression of its receptor protein and its mRNA in the testis has not been reported yet. We used immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization method to observe the orphan receptor TR3 protein and mRNA localization and expression in rat testes. The results showed that orphan receptor TR3 localized in spermatogenic cells in rat testis and its mRNA was expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells, indicating that TR3 may play an important role in spermatogenesis.