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目的:观察大鼠尾壳核一氧化氮合酶神经元的分布,以及脑缺血后其免疫阳性神经元细胞构筑学的变化。方法:实验于2004/2005在南方医科大学和暨南大学进行。取36只SD大鼠随机分为对照组和脑缺血组,每组18只。脑缺血组用双侧颈总动脉阻塞法建立脑缺血模型,对照组行假手术,不结扎颈总动脉。分别于造模后3,7,30d处死动物取材,每个时间点6只。ABC法显示神经元型一氧化氮合酶神经元,图像分析系统测尾壳核阳性神经元数目和大小(神经元以>25μm为大型,25～15μm为中型,<15μm为小型)。结果:经补充后36只大鼠进入结果分析。①神经元型一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元大小和分布不均一,尾壳核背外侧胞体相对较小,数目较多,而腹内侧体积虽大,但较稀疏。②神经元型一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元数目:对照组各时间点无明显变化,脑缺血组缺血后7,30d显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。③神经元型一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元大小:对照组以中型细胞为主,其次为小型神经元,大型细胞少,三类神经元在不同的时期比例恒定。脑缺血组在缺血后3和7d,中小型神经元变化较明显,其中大型和中型神经元逐渐下降,在缺血30d时中型神经元比例显著低于对照组和缺血后3,7d(P<0.01),而小型神经元比例显著高于对照组和缺血后3,7d(P<0.01)。结论:脑缺血后尾壳核神经元型一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元减少,而且中型细胞减少为主,小型细胞所占比例相对增多。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) neurons in rat caudate putamen and the changes of immunopositive neuronal cell architecture after cerebral ischemia. Methods: The experiment was performed in Southern Medical University and Jinan University from 2004 to 2005. Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control group and cerebral ischemia group, with 18 rats in each group. The model of cerebral ischemia was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in cerebral ischemic group. The control group received sham operation without ligating common carotid artery. Animals were killed at 3, 7 and 30 days after modeling respectively, 6 at each time point. ABC method showed the neuronal nitric oxide synthase neurons. The number and size of neurons positive for putamen in the image analysis system (neurons> 25μm in size, 25μm ~ 15μm in size and <15μm in size). RESULTS: Thirty-six rats were included in the result analysis after supplementation. ① The neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive neurons were heterogeneous in size and distribution. The caudate putamen nucleus dorsalis was relatively small in number and larger in number, while the ventral medullary volume was larger but sparse. ② The number of neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive neurons: There was no significant change in the control group at each time point. The cerebral ischemia group was significantly lower than the control group at 7 and 30 days after ischemia (P <0.01). ③ neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive neuron size: the control group of medium-sized cells, followed by small neurons, large cells less, three types of neurons in different periods of constant ratio. At 3 and 7 days after ischemia, the changes of small and medium-sized neurons were obvious in cerebral ischemia group, in which the large and medium-sized neurons gradually decreased. The proportion of middle-sized neurons at 30 days after ischemia was significantly lower than that in control group and 3 and 7 days after ischemia (P <0.01), but the proportion of small neurons was significantly higher than that of control group and 3 and 7 days after ischemia (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in caudate putamen decrease after cerebral ischemia, and the number of mesothelial cells is decreased, while the proportion of small cells is relatively increased.