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目的分析广元市虫媒传染病流行特征,为制定虫媒传染病防控措施,提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学方法分析1996-2010年虫媒传染病三间分布。结果广元市1996-2010年共报告8种虫媒传染病1 302例,死亡48人,年均发病率2.86/10万。1996-2000年报告乙脑、钩体、出血热及疟疾4种虫媒传染病;2001-2005年新增报告狂犬病、血吸虫和黑热病,报告7种虫媒传染病;2006-2010年新增报告布鲁菌病,报告8种虫媒传染病病例;2006-2010年年均发病率较1996-2000年下降73.70%;1996-2000年病种以乙脑、钩体为主,占虫媒传染病的81.97%;2001-2005年与1996-2000年一致,病种以乙脑、钩体为主,占虫媒传染病的77.37%;2006-2010年病种以乙脑为主,占虫媒传染病的64.04%。乙脑病例集中在7～9月,其中8月为发病高峰,占乙脑报告病例的59.12%;发病年龄主要集中在10岁以下,占乙脑病例的95.13%;钩体分布在5～11月,其中10月为发病高峰,占钩体报告例数的74.41%;发病年龄主要在20～59岁组,占钩体病例的87.60%;出血热以6～7月、11月～翌年1月发病较多;发病年龄主要集中在40～59岁,占出血热病例的64.16%。发病职业以农民、散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生为主,占报告病例的93.70%。结论广元市虫媒传染病总体呈下降趋势,但报告病种有增加趋势,虫媒传染病发病有明显的季节性和重点人群,应实施重点人群、重点区域、重点疾病、重点环节的防控策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of zoonosis in Guangyuan and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control measures of zoonosis. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of three zoonotic diseases in 1996-2010. Results A total of 1 302 cases of eight kinds of zoonosis were reported in Guangyuan from 1996 to 2010, with 48 deaths, the average annual incidence was 2.86 / 100 000. Four types of vector-borne infectious diseases of JE, leptospira, hemorrhagic fever and malaria were reported in 1996-2000; seven new types of zoonosis were reported in rabies, schistosomiasis and kala-azar in 2001-2005; a new report in 2006-2010 Brucellosis, 8 cases of zoonosis were reported. The average annual incidence of zoonoses in 2006-2010 decreased by 73.70% from 1996 to 2000. In 1996-2000, 81.87% of the cases were ill. In 2001-2005, it was consistent with that of 1996-2000. The predominant species were Japanese encephalitis and leptospira, which accounted for 77.37% of the total number of insect-borne diseases. In 2006-2010, 64.04% of the media’s infectious diseases. JE cases concentrated in the 7-9 months, of which the peak incidence in August, accounting for 59.12% of JE reported cases; age of onset are mainly concentrated in 10 years of age, accounting for 95.13% of JE cases; hook body distribution in 5 ~ 11 Month, of which the peak incidence in October, accounting for 74.41% of cases reported hook body; onset age mainly in the 20 to 59 years old group, accounting for 87.60% cases of leptospira; hemorrhagic fever in June to July, November ~ the following year 1 Month incidence more; onset age mainly concentrated in 40 to 59 years, accounting for 64.16% of cases of hemorrhagic fever. Occurrence of occupations as farmers, diaspora, child care and child care students, accounting for 93.70% of reported cases. Conclusions The prevalence of zoonosis in Guangyuan City is generally on the decline. However, the number of reported diseases is on the rise. There are obvious seasonal and key populations in the incidence of zoonotic diseases. Prevention and control of key populations, key diseases, key diseases and key links should be implemented Strategy.