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田间作业机械的工作阻力分析是农业机械设计工作中一重要环节,对试验装置的可靠性和测量精度具有较高要求。为研究农机关键触土部件的试验样件的前行阻力,本文设计了一种阻力测试装置,并保证了较高的稳定性和测量精度。针对该装置在正常工作时产生的振动是否会影响其工作性能,利用Solid Works软件对测试装置的台架进行三维建模,并采用有限元分析软件ANSYS-Workbench对其进行模态分析,求解出台架的前6阶模态频率与振型。模态分析结果表明:台架的前6阶固有频率分布在21~38Hz之间,而当牵引台的行进速度为0.1~1.0m·s-1时,该装置受到的外激频率为0.346~3.462Hz,远低于台架的低阶固有频率21.778Hz,有效地避免了共振的产生。以插秧机船板样件的拖拽试验为例,通过三因素三水平正交试验,分析该装置结构设计的合理性。分析结果表明:船板样式、配重和前进速度对试验指标的影响极显著,并得出各因素的最优组合,即前进速度为0.4m·s-1、配重为0.7kg、仿生船板样件的滑行阻力最小。该研究为水田、旱地作业机械关键触土部件的试验样件的前行阻力分析提供了条件。
Field work machinery work resistance analysis is an important part of agricultural machinery design work, the reliability of the test equipment and measurement accuracy has high requirements. In order to study the forward resistance of the test sample of the key soil-touch components of agricultural machinery, a resistance testing device is designed in this paper, which guarantees high stability and measurement accuracy. Aiming at whether the vibration generated during normal operation of the device will affect the performance of the device, Solid Works software is used to make the three-dimensional modeling of the test device’s gantry, and the finite element analysis software ANSYS-Workbench is used to perform modal analysis to solve the problem. The first six stages of modal frequencies and modes. The results of modal analysis show that the natural frequencies of the first six stages of the gantry are distributed between 21 and 38 Hz, while the external excitation frequency of the gantry is 0.346 ~ 3.462Hz, much lower than the lower natural frequency 21.778Hz, effectively avoiding the resonance. Taking the dragging test of the transplanter ship board sample as an example, the rationality of structural design of the device was analyzed through the orthogonal experiment of three factors and three levels. The analysis results show that the influence of shipboard style, counterweight and advancing speed on the test index is significant, and the optimal combination of all factors is obtained, that is, the forward speed is 0.4m · s-1, the counterweight is 0.7kg, the bionic ship Plate-like pieces of the minimum sliding resistance. The study provided the conditions for the forward resistance analysis of the test samples of paddy field and dryland key mechanical parts.