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文森特·梵高（1853—1890）以大胆的用色和粗犷而富于激情的笔触给后人留下了深刻印象，这位后印象主义的先驱深深地影响了二十世纪艺术。然而，在其短暂的一生中，梵高一直饱受精神疾病和抑郁症的折磨；尽管作品上千，在世时却只售出过一幅作品……
今年是梵高逝世125周年，欧美多家美术馆均会设展纪念这位艺术家，一部记录其悲剧人生的音乐剧也将于今年年底在阿姆斯特丹上演。现在，就让我们来缅怀这位天才的短暂一生。
Vincent van Gogh was born in the Netherlands on March 30th， 1853. His father and grandfather were 1）ministers， but others in his family worked in the art world. Vincent had two brothers and three sisters. He was closest to his younger brother Theo.
Although he enjoyed drawing from the time he was a young boy， Vincent had a number of other jobs before he decided to work as an artist full time. He worked as a teacher in London and then as a minister. He also worked in a book store， an 2）art gallery， and as a 3）missionary. At around the age of 27， van Gogh decided to devote himself completely to art.
When Vincent first started drawing， he 4）sketched pictures using pencils or 5）charcoal sticks. He used some watercolors as well. He liked to draw pictures of poor hardworking people. 6）Eventually he began to paint using oil paints.
In this early part of his 7）career， van Gogh used a lot of dark colors such as browns and dark greens. His pictures were often 8）somber or sad. His most famous early painting was called The Potato Eaters. It was a dark picture of a peasant family eating potatoes for dinner.
Much of what we know about van Gogh comes from letters he wrote to his brother Theo. Theo worked in an art gallery in Paris and supported Vincent’s art career. He sent Vincent money and encouraged him. Theo tried to sell Vincent’s paintings， but no one wanted to buy them.
Theo wrote to Vincent to tell him about a new style of painting in Paris called Impressionism注. In 1886， Vincent moved to Paris to learn from these new painters. His art became 9）influenced by painters such as Claude Monet， Edgar Degas， and Camille Pissarro. He also became good friends with artist Paul Gauguin.
During this time van Gogh began to use brighter colors. His brushwork also became more broken. He painted subjects from the streets and cafes of Paris as well as the countryside. Van Gogh also became interested in painting portraits of people. When he couldn’t find models， he would paint himself for practice. He painted over 20 10）self portraits during this time.
In 1888， van Gogh moved south to Arles， France， to start up an artist’s 11）commune. He rented out a yellow house to live in and invited artist Paul Gauguin to join him. He loved the 12）vibrant colors and the bright sun of Arles. Van Gogh began painting with 13）intensity and 14）emotion. The colors in his paintings became more vibrant and bright. He would sometimes 15）apply the paint directly onto the 16）canvas from the tubes， leaving the paint thick with rough 17）brush strokes. Sometimes it would take weeks for his paintings to dry because the paint was so thick.
Van Gogh painted hundreds of pictures during this time， sometimes painting masterpieces in a single day. He became fully 18）obsessed with art. Paul Gauguin came to visit for a time， but the two artists had an argument and Gauguin soon left.
In 1889， van Gogh 19）committed himself to a 20）mental hospital. He could barely take care of himself. He still continued to paint and painted one of his most famous paintings Starry Night. Many of his paintings during this time featured 21）cypress trees and lots of 22）swirling colors.
Van Gogh’s mental state continued to 23）deteriorate. On July 29th， 1890， he died from a 24）self-inflicted bullet wound to the chest.
Although he wasn’t famous during his lifetime， today he is considered one of the greatest and most 25）influential artists of his time. Many of his paintings sell for millions of dollars today. There are over 800 surviving oil paintings as well as over a thousand water colors and sketches of his work.
1853年3月30日，文森特·梵高生于荷兰。他的父亲和祖父都是牧师，而家族中的其他人则从事艺术工作。文森特有两个弟弟和三个妹妹，其中与他最亲的是弟弟提奥。
虽然文森特从小就喜欢画画，但在决定以全职艺术家为业之前，他还干过其他工作。他曾在伦敦当过老师，后又当过牧师。他也曾在书店和艺术画廊工作，还当过传教士。大概在27岁的时候，梵高决定彻底投身艺术事业。
梵高最开始以铅笔和炭棒作画，也画过一些水彩。他喜欢描绘辛勤劳动的穷苦人民。最后，他开始画起了油画。
在其职业生涯初期，梵高大量运用棕色和深绿色这类较深的色彩，他的画常常透出一股忧郁和悲伤。他早期最著名的一幅画题为《吃马铃薯的人》，昏暗的画面描绘的是一个农民家庭以马铃薯为晚餐的场景。
我们对梵高的了解很多都来自他写给弟弟提奥的信。提奥在巴黎的一间画廊工作，是梵高艺术生涯的支持者。他给梵高寄钱，并鼓励他画画。他也试着推销梵高的画，可惜没有人捧场。
Did he really cut off his ear？
Yes. The reason why van Gogh cut off his ear is not known in detail[细节]， but it does seem likely that， by December 23rd， 1888， van Gogh had realized that Gauguin was proposing[提议] to leave and that there had been some kind of argument between the two. That evening， he cut off part of his left ear with a razor blade[剃须刀片]. He then wrapped[卷，包] up the ear in a cloth and presented[赠送，授予] it to a woman.
有一次，提奥写信给梵高，告诉他在巴黎兴起了一种叫做“印象主义”的新绘画风格。1886年，梵高搬到了巴黎，向这些新画家学习。他的作品受到如克劳德·莫奈、埃德加·德加和卡米耶·毕沙罗等画家的影响，他本人也与艺术家高更成为了好友。
在此期间，梵高开始用更为明亮的色彩，他的笔触也变得更加细碎。从巴黎的街道和咖啡馆到乡村风光，都是他作画的对象。他也对肖像画产生了兴趣。在找不到模特时，他就画自己来练习。在这段时间，他画了二十多幅自画像。 1888年，梵高搬到了法国南部的阿尔勒，想成立一个艺术家公社。他租住在一栋黄色房子里，并邀请艺术家高更前来与他同住。他很喜欢阿尔勒生机勃勃的色彩和明亮灿烂的阳光。
他开始更加用力而动情地作画，画作的色彩也变得更鲜艳明亮。有时他会直接将油彩从颜料管里挤到画布上，浓厚的颜料便会留下粗糙的笔刷痕迹。有时他的画需要几个星期才能干透，因为画布上的颜料是如此厚重。
在此期间梵高画了几百幅画，有时一天之内就能画出几幅传世杰作。他完全沉浸于艺术之中。有一段时间，高更过来拜访他，但这两位艺术家起了一点争执，高更很快就离开了。
1889年，梵高自愿入住精神病院。在几乎无法自理的情况下，他仍然继续画画，并创作了他最著名的其中一幅作品—《星夜》。柏树和大量色彩漩涡是他此间许多画作的主要特点。
然而梵高的精神状态持续恶化。1890年7月29日，他朝自己的胸膛开了一枪，离开了人世。
尽管生前籍籍无名，但如今他已被公认为那个时代最伟大和最具影响力的艺术家之一。如今他许多画作的售价都高达数百万美元。他的作品当中仍有八百多幅油画以及一千多幅水彩和素描存世。
Interesting Facts About Vincent van Gogh
He would get so obsessed with painting that he often wouldn’t eat. He had poor health as a result.
Van Gogh was influenced by Japanese prints and woodcuts[木版画] which he studied intensely[热情地].
Some people think that he may have only sold one work during his lifetime. It was called The Red Vineyard.
His brother Theo died six months after Vincent and was buried next to him.
In some of his self portraits， his ear is bandaged[用绷带缚上] from when he cut it. It looks like his right ear in the pictures because he was using a mirror to paint himself.
You can see the painting Starry Night at the New York Museum of Modern Art.
今年是梵高逝世125周年，欧美多家美术馆均会设展纪念这位艺术家，一部记录其悲剧人生的音乐剧也将于今年年底在阿姆斯特丹上演。现在，就让我们来缅怀这位天才的短暂一生。
Vincent van Gogh was born in the Netherlands on March 30th， 1853. His father and grandfather were 1）ministers， but others in his family worked in the art world. Vincent had two brothers and three sisters. He was closest to his younger brother Theo.
Although he enjoyed drawing from the time he was a young boy， Vincent had a number of other jobs before he decided to work as an artist full time. He worked as a teacher in London and then as a minister. He also worked in a book store， an 2）art gallery， and as a 3）missionary. At around the age of 27， van Gogh decided to devote himself completely to art.
When Vincent first started drawing， he 4）sketched pictures using pencils or 5）charcoal sticks. He used some watercolors as well. He liked to draw pictures of poor hardworking people. 6）Eventually he began to paint using oil paints.
In this early part of his 7）career， van Gogh used a lot of dark colors such as browns and dark greens. His pictures were often 8）somber or sad. His most famous early painting was called The Potato Eaters. It was a dark picture of a peasant family eating potatoes for dinner.
Much of what we know about van Gogh comes from letters he wrote to his brother Theo. Theo worked in an art gallery in Paris and supported Vincent’s art career. He sent Vincent money and encouraged him. Theo tried to sell Vincent’s paintings， but no one wanted to buy them.
Theo wrote to Vincent to tell him about a new style of painting in Paris called Impressionism注. In 1886， Vincent moved to Paris to learn from these new painters. His art became 9）influenced by painters such as Claude Monet， Edgar Degas， and Camille Pissarro. He also became good friends with artist Paul Gauguin.
During this time van Gogh began to use brighter colors. His brushwork also became more broken. He painted subjects from the streets and cafes of Paris as well as the countryside. Van Gogh also became interested in painting portraits of people. When he couldn’t find models， he would paint himself for practice. He painted over 20 10）self portraits during this time.
In 1888， van Gogh moved south to Arles， France， to start up an artist’s 11）commune. He rented out a yellow house to live in and invited artist Paul Gauguin to join him. He loved the 12）vibrant colors and the bright sun of Arles. Van Gogh began painting with 13）intensity and 14）emotion. The colors in his paintings became more vibrant and bright. He would sometimes 15）apply the paint directly onto the 16）canvas from the tubes， leaving the paint thick with rough 17）brush strokes. Sometimes it would take weeks for his paintings to dry because the paint was so thick.
Van Gogh painted hundreds of pictures during this time， sometimes painting masterpieces in a single day. He became fully 18）obsessed with art. Paul Gauguin came to visit for a time， but the two artists had an argument and Gauguin soon left.
In 1889， van Gogh 19）committed himself to a 20）mental hospital. He could barely take care of himself. He still continued to paint and painted one of his most famous paintings Starry Night. Many of his paintings during this time featured 21）cypress trees and lots of 22）swirling colors.
Van Gogh’s mental state continued to 23）deteriorate. On July 29th， 1890， he died from a 24）self-inflicted bullet wound to the chest.
Although he wasn’t famous during his lifetime， today he is considered one of the greatest and most 25）influential artists of his time. Many of his paintings sell for millions of dollars today. There are over 800 surviving oil paintings as well as over a thousand water colors and sketches of his work.
1853年3月30日，文森特·梵高生于荷兰。他的父亲和祖父都是牧师，而家族中的其他人则从事艺术工作。文森特有两个弟弟和三个妹妹，其中与他最亲的是弟弟提奥。
虽然文森特从小就喜欢画画，但在决定以全职艺术家为业之前，他还干过其他工作。他曾在伦敦当过老师，后又当过牧师。他也曾在书店和艺术画廊工作，还当过传教士。大概在27岁的时候，梵高决定彻底投身艺术事业。
梵高最开始以铅笔和炭棒作画，也画过一些水彩。他喜欢描绘辛勤劳动的穷苦人民。最后，他开始画起了油画。
在其职业生涯初期，梵高大量运用棕色和深绿色这类较深的色彩，他的画常常透出一股忧郁和悲伤。他早期最著名的一幅画题为《吃马铃薯的人》，昏暗的画面描绘的是一个农民家庭以马铃薯为晚餐的场景。
我们对梵高的了解很多都来自他写给弟弟提奥的信。提奥在巴黎的一间画廊工作，是梵高艺术生涯的支持者。他给梵高寄钱，并鼓励他画画。他也试着推销梵高的画，可惜没有人捧场。
Did he really cut off his ear？
Yes. The reason why van Gogh cut off his ear is not known in detail[细节]， but it does seem likely that， by December 23rd， 1888， van Gogh had realized that Gauguin was proposing[提议] to leave and that there had been some kind of argument between the two. That evening， he cut off part of his left ear with a razor blade[剃须刀片]. He then wrapped[卷，包] up the ear in a cloth and presented[赠送，授予] it to a woman.
有一次，提奥写信给梵高，告诉他在巴黎兴起了一种叫做“印象主义”的新绘画风格。1886年，梵高搬到了巴黎，向这些新画家学习。他的作品受到如克劳德·莫奈、埃德加·德加和卡米耶·毕沙罗等画家的影响，他本人也与艺术家高更成为了好友。
在此期间，梵高开始用更为明亮的色彩，他的笔触也变得更加细碎。从巴黎的街道和咖啡馆到乡村风光，都是他作画的对象。他也对肖像画产生了兴趣。在找不到模特时，他就画自己来练习。在这段时间，他画了二十多幅自画像。 1888年，梵高搬到了法国南部的阿尔勒，想成立一个艺术家公社。他租住在一栋黄色房子里，并邀请艺术家高更前来与他同住。他很喜欢阿尔勒生机勃勃的色彩和明亮灿烂的阳光。
他开始更加用力而动情地作画，画作的色彩也变得更鲜艳明亮。有时他会直接将油彩从颜料管里挤到画布上，浓厚的颜料便会留下粗糙的笔刷痕迹。有时他的画需要几个星期才能干透，因为画布上的颜料是如此厚重。
在此期间梵高画了几百幅画，有时一天之内就能画出几幅传世杰作。他完全沉浸于艺术之中。有一段时间，高更过来拜访他，但这两位艺术家起了一点争执，高更很快就离开了。
1889年，梵高自愿入住精神病院。在几乎无法自理的情况下，他仍然继续画画，并创作了他最著名的其中一幅作品—《星夜》。柏树和大量色彩漩涡是他此间许多画作的主要特点。
然而梵高的精神状态持续恶化。1890年7月29日，他朝自己的胸膛开了一枪，离开了人世。
尽管生前籍籍无名，但如今他已被公认为那个时代最伟大和最具影响力的艺术家之一。如今他许多画作的售价都高达数百万美元。他的作品当中仍有八百多幅油画以及一千多幅水彩和素描存世。
Interesting Facts About Vincent van Gogh
He would get so obsessed with painting that he often wouldn’t eat. He had poor health as a result.
Van Gogh was influenced by Japanese prints and woodcuts[木版画] which he studied intensely[热情地].
Some people think that he may have only sold one work during his lifetime. It was called The Red Vineyard.
His brother Theo died six months after Vincent and was buried next to him.
In some of his self portraits， his ear is bandaged[用绷带缚上] from when he cut it. It looks like his right ear in the pictures because he was using a mirror to paint himself.
You can see the painting Starry Night at the New York Museum of Modern Art.