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目的分析2009~2013年长沙市不明原因肺炎病例监测结果,为制定长沙市SARS和人禽流感防制策略提供科学依据。方法 2009~2013年每月收集全市48家县级及以上医疗机构住院部上月住院总人次数、发热肺炎病例总数、重症肺炎病例总数、因重症肺炎死亡人数、不明原因肺炎病例总数,对数据利用EXCEL及SPSS进行统计分析。结果 2009~2013年长沙市未报告不明原因肺炎病例,发热肺炎病例占总住院人数的比例介于3.37%~7.87%之间,发热肺炎病例中发生重症病例的比例介于4.44%~18.03%之间,每年9月至来年4月发热肺炎及重症肺炎发病较高;重症肺炎住院病例病死率介于1.29%~17.65%之间,每年1~4月和7~9月重症肺炎住院病例病死率较高。结论发热肺炎和重症肺炎住院病例月分布表现出冬春季发病高峰的特点,重症肺炎病例死亡情况月分布呈现秋春双高峰的特点。长沙市发热肺炎病例中儿童发病比例高,而发展为重症的比例较低,病死率低。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of cases of unexplained pneumonia in Changsha from 2009 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for the development of strategies for preventing SARS and human bird flu in Changsha. Methods The monthly hospitalization numbers of 48 inpatients of county-level and above medical institutions from 2009 to 2013 were collected. The total number of hospitalized pneumoconiosis cases, the total number of severe pneumonia cases, the deaths due to severe pneumonia, the total number of unexplained pneumonia cases, Using EXCEL and SPSS for statistical analysis. Results In 2009-2013, no cases of unexplained pneumonia were reported in Changsha City. The proportion of cases with fever pneumonia in total number of hospitalizations ranged from 3.37% to 7.87%. The incidence of severe cases of fever pneumonia ranged from 4.44% to 18.03% Between September and April each year, the incidence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia was higher; the mortality rate of severe pneumonia inpatients ranged from 1.29% to 17.65%; the mortality rate of severe pneumonia inpatients from January to April and from July to September each year Higher. Conclusions The distribution of monthly pneumonia and severe pneumonia inpatients showed the peak incidence in winter and spring. The monthly distribution of deaths in severe pneumonia showed the characteristics of autumn and spring double peaks. The incidence of children with fever in Changsha cases is high, but the proportion of children with severe pneumonia is lower and the case fatality rate is lower.