苏联是世界上第一大石油生产国。1988年苏联的石油开采量居世界首位,日产量达1240万桶,出口量为1.44亿吨,平均日出口石油400万桶,其中200万桶出口西方国家。然而,近两年来,苏联的石油生产和出口量显著下降,由此产生了不少的影响。1989年苏联的石油总产量下降3%,出口量减少1700万吨。1990年上半年,苏联的石油生产量又下降5%,出口量下降4%。据行家们估计,1990年苏联石油 The Soviet Union is the world’s largest oil producer. In 1988, the Soviet Union ranked first in the world in terms of oil production. Its daily output reached 12.4 million barrels a day, with a volume of 144 million tons and an average of 4 million barrels of oil a day, of which 2 million barrels were exported to western countries. However, in the past two years, the Soviet Union’s oil production and exports have dropped significantly, which has had a significant impact. In 1989, the Soviet Union’s total oil output dropped 3% and its export volume decreased by 17 million tons. In the first half of 1990, Soviet Union’s oil production dropped another 5%, while its export volume dropped 4%. According to experts estimates, the Soviet Union in 1990 oil