AIM: To study the biological function of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) during the process of osteoblasts allografts to accelerate faceture healing of osteoporosis rats. METHODS: Set up the fracture models of osteoporosis rats and do osteoblasts grafts; during different periods in the process of fracture healing by using immunnohistochemistry to detect the expression of TGF-β1, VEGF, bFGF and in situ hybridization to study the expression of bFGFmRNA, VEGFmRNA, TGF-β1 mRNA, also using image analysis to deal with it. RESULTS: In experimental group, Osteoblasts can survive, even proliferate in fracture areas; VEGF, bFGF could be seen positive after 7 days of after osteoblast grafts, and there have the highest quantites about 14 days of post-transplantation. TGF-β1 could be seen positiveafter 3 days of post-transplantation, and there have the highest quantities about 7 - 10 days of post-transplantation. However there are not obviously high quantities in control. CONCLUSION: Osteoblasts grafts enhance bone fracture healing of osteoporosis rats. TGF-β1, VEGF and bFGF play very important roles in accelerating fracture healing of osteoporosis rats.