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提出了一种飞机全电刹车机电作动(EMA)系统的上电自检测(POST)方法,以保证系统在运行前处于安全工作区域。通过检测,可及时准确地定位和更换故障部件,提高飞机出勤率。在系统运行之前,尽可能在有限的检测次数内全面准确地检测敏感元件,定位故障部件,避免造成刹车系统的二次伤害。针对逆变器和电机三相绕组组成的驱动回路,利用母线电容放电产生电流,完成检测。检测过程利用电容电压而非电源为逆变器供电,可防止过高的短路电流对电源的冲击,且电容上存储的能量有限,可有效避免短路故障对系统的二次伤害。检测方法在原有电路的基础上并未增加传感器和检测电路,但实现了逆变器功率管以及电机绕组,短路和开路故障的全面检测,且可定位出故障部件和故障原因。该机电作动系统上电自检测方法能够保证在一秒内完成系统全面自检测,经过1 000次正常及带故障试验,故障的误报率和漏报率保持在1‰以下。在现场试验中,系统可抵御飞机复杂的电磁环境(EME),工作性能稳定。通过软件设置不同故障阈值,可方便移植到其他机电作动系统中。
A power-on self-test (POST) method for the electromechanical actuation (EMA) system of an aircraft is proposed to ensure that the system is in a safe working area prior to operation. Through testing, timely and accurate positioning and replacement of faulty parts, to improve aircraft attendance. Before the operation of the system, as far as possible in a limited number of tests within a comprehensive and accurate detection of sensitive components, locate the faulty components, to avoid damage to the secondary braking system. For inverter and motor three-phase winding composed of the drive circuit, the use of bus capacitor discharge current, to complete the test. The detection process uses the capacitor voltage instead of the power source to supply power to the inverter, which can prevent the impact of excessive short-circuit current on the power supply and the limited energy stored in the capacitor, which can effectively prevent secondary damage to the system caused by the short circuit fault. The detection method does not increase the sensor and the detection circuit based on the original circuit, but realizes the comprehensive detection of the inverter power tube and the motor winding, the short circuit and the open circuit fault, and can locate the fault parts and the cause of the fault. The electromechanical actuation system power-on self-test method can guarantee to complete the system self-test in one second, and after 1000 normal and fault tests, the false alarm rate and false negative rate of the fault remain below 1 ‰. In the field test, the system can withstand the complex electromagnetic environment of the aircraft (EME), the work performance is stable. Through the software to set different failure threshold, can be easily transplanted to other electromechanical actuation system.