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石油是海洋环境的主要污染物,严重危害了海洋生态系统及近岸环境。文章综述了海洋石油污染修复的物理、化学和生物方法,重点介绍了海洋石油污染的生物修复强化方法。认为在溢油现场使用生物表面活性剂,添加营养缓释剂以及菌种和肥料联合起来使用,来促进生物降解极具发展潜力。海洋石油污染的防治应因地制宜将能够调用的多种技术优化组合以达到最佳效果。
Oil is a major pollutant in the marine environment and seriously endangers marine ecosystems and the coastal environment. The paper reviews the physical, chemical and biological methods of marine petroleum pollution restoration, and focuses on the bioremediation methods of marine oil pollution. It is considered that the use of biosurfactants in the field of oil spills, the addition of nutrient release modifiers, and the combination of strain and fertilizer to promote biodegradation have great potential. The prevention and control of offshore oil pollution should be based on local conditions will be able to call a variety of technical optimization combination to achieve the best results.