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目的探讨神经外科医院感染的临床特点、危险因素及防治措施。方法对2007年3月～2009年3月1589例神经外科住院患者进行回顾性调查分析。结果神经外科患者发生医院感染152例,感染率为9.6%;感染例次率为12.4%;感染部位以下呼吸道最多(45.2%),其次为泌尿道感染(22.8%);病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,位列前5位的病原菌分别是铜绿假单胞菌(25.9%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(18.1%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(15.3%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(7.3%)、大肠埃希菌(4.1%);危险因素为并存多种慢性疾病、住院时间长、侵入性操作、应用广谱抗菌药物、意识障碍。结论神经外科患者易发生医院感染,针对危险因素采取有效预防措施,对降低神经外科患者医院感染率有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the clinical features, risk factors and prevention and treatment of neurosurgical nosocomial infection. Methods A retrospective analysis of 1589 inpatients with neurosurgery from March 2007 to March 2009 was conducted. Results 152 cases of nosocomial infections were found in neurosurgical patients, the infection rate was 9.6%, the infection rate was 12.4%, the respiratory tract was the most (45.2%), followed by the urinary tract infection (22.8%). The pathogen was Gram-negative bacilli The top five pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (7.3%), , And Escherichia coli (4.1%). The risk factors were co-existence of various chronic diseases, long hospital stay, invasive procedures, application of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and disturbance of consciousness. Conclusion Neurosurgical patients are prone to nosocomial infection and taking effective preventive measures against risk factors is of great significance in reducing the nosocomial infection rate in neurosurgical patients.