内燃机油(以下简称机油)广泛用于工程机械、车辆、船舶发动机的润滑,是润滑油中用量最多的一类油品,约占润滑油总量的50%。对使用中的机油进行质量分析,不但能实现按质换油,还可以结合机油中磨损颗粒特征和发动机的结构特点,实现发动机不解体故障诊断。1.机油在使用中的变质因素机油使用一段时间后需要更换,这主要有2方面的原因:一是油中积累了污染物,二是油品本身产生化学变质(氧化和添加剂降解)。这2个因 Internal combustion engine oil (hereinafter referred to as oil) is widely used in engineering machinery, vehicles, marine engine lubrication, is the largest amount of oil in a class of oil products, accounting for about 50% of the total amount of lubricating oil. The use of oil quality analysis, not only can achieve oil by quality, but also can be combined with the oil particles in the wear characteristics of the engine and the structural characteristics of the engine to achieve engine failure diagnosis. 1. Deteriorating factors in the use of oil The use of oil after a period of time need to be replaced, there are two main reasons: First, the accumulation of pollutants in oil, and second, the oil itself produces chemical deterioration (oxidation and additive degradation). These two causes